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Dictionaries
AccessScience Authentication Required
The online version of McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology and the McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. Contains more than 8,000 articles written by the leading figures in their fields — including 30 Nobel Prize winners — edited and illustrated with the non-specialist in mind.

AltaVista’s Babel Fish Translator
Translate a block of text (up to 150 words), or translate a web page into one of 19 different languages. Use this to get the essential meaning of a paragraph or a web page.

American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
The fourth edition of the American Heritage Dictionary offers more than 90,000 entries, 10,000 new words and senses, 70,000 audio word pronunciations, 900 full-page color illustrations, language notes and word-root appendixes. Browseable and searchable by entry term, full text, definition, etymology, and more.

ARTFL Authentication Required
Project for American and French Research on the Treasury of the French Language.

ASL Browser
Using Quicktime movie software, Michigan State University has created a dictionary of thousands of ASL signs. To see an ASL sign demonstrated, choose the sign you want from a list of nearly 30 such lists, then watch the 100K movie.

Dictionary.com
Produced by Lexico Publishing Group, Dictionary.com provides access to several online dictionaries, including: The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing, Jargon File, Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary, and Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary. If you do not remember the exact spelling of a word, type in your best guess: you can choose the word you need from a list of possible matches. Dictionary.com also links to other language resources, such as a thesaurus, grammar and style manuals, translation tools, and non-English language dictionaries.

Dictionary of Old English Corpus Authentication Required
The Dictionary of Old English electronic corpus is a complete record of surviving Old English except for some variant manuscripts of individual texts.

Gale Virtual Reference Library Authentication Required
Includes: Acronyms, Initialisms and Abbreviations Dictionary; Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Popular Musicians Since 1990; Business Plans Handbook; Contemporary Novelists; Contemporary Poets; Dictionary of American History; Encyclopedia of American Industries; Encyclopedia of World Biography; St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture; Ancient Europe - 8000 BC to 1000 AD: An Encyclopedia of the Barbarian World; Encyclopedia of European Social History; Encyclopedia of Modern Europe - Europe Since 1914: Encyclopedia of the Age of War and Reconstruction; Europe - 1450 to 1789: An Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World; Europe - 1789 to 1914: An Encyclopedia of the Age of Industry and Empire

Garland Encyclopedia of World Music Online Authentication Required
The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music Online contains over 9,000 pages of material, the full text of the 10-volume print encyclopedia (more than 700 articles) with links to associated audio examples, musical illustrations, photographs, and drawings; song texts and score examples; and charts and maps of world regions.

German Reference Database (Xipolis) Authentication Required
Consists of 18 standard reference tools--encyclopedias and dictionaries--in the German language. It includes such titles as the Brockhaus Enzyklopaedia and Das Lexikon Der Psychologie.

Grove Art Online Authentication Required
"The most comprehensive online reference resource for all aspects of the visual arts worldwide from prehistory to the present day." This is the online version of The Dictionary of Art (Grove's). NOTICE: Grove Art Online requires Netscape 4.0 or Internet Explorer 4.0 (or higher) for full functionality. On computers with less powerful web browsers the external images links and maps, charts, and diagrams will not be available.

Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Authentication Required
Available in print and online versions.
• Location(s): ML100 .N48
MUSIC Reference

Merriam Webster's Dictionary

Middle English Dictionary Authentication Required
• Location(s): Wilson Annex Quarto PE679 .M54 ; Wilson Quarto PE679 .M54 ; Wilson Reference Quarto PE679 .M54
Check MNCAT Record for Location and Availability

Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium Authentication Required
With more than 5,000 entries by an international group of eminent historians, this is the standard research tool on 1,100 years of Byzantine history. Exhaustive in its coverage, entries on patriarchy and emperors coexist with entries on surgery, musical instruments, and the baking of bread, bringing to life this vastly important culture and empire, from the 4th century to the 15th.
• Location(s): Wilson Library Reference Quarto DF521 .O93 1991
Check MNCAT Record for Location and Availability

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Authentication Required
This reference work provides 50,000 specially-written signed biographies of the men and women who shaped all aspects of the British past, from the earliest times to the end of the year 2000.

Oxford Dictionary of the Renaissance Authentication Required
Provides rich detail on all aspects of the Renaissance in 14th to 17th century Europe. Includes comprehensive coverage of the art, literature, science, culture, philosophy, religion, economics, history, and conflict of the period. The text explores the influence that this intense intellectual and cultural revival continues to have on modern thought and society. Nearly half the entries are biographical, covering artists, thinkers, statesman, and reformers. A table of European ruling houses and a table showing the dates when cities and countries changed from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar are also included.

Oxford English Dictionary Authentication Required
Full-text of the 2nd ed. The OED covers words from across the English-speaking world, from North America to South Africa, from Australia and New Zealand to the Caribbean. It also offers the best in etymological analysis, listings of variant spellings, and shows pronunciation using the International Phonetic Alphabet. Prepared by J.A. Simpson and E.S.C. Weiner. Also available in print.
• Location(s): WILSON Reference Folio PE1625 .O87 1989 vol. 1-20
Location: WALTER Reference Folio PE1625 .O87 1989 vol. 1-20
Location: MAGRATH Reference (Legal) Folio PE1625 .O87 1989 vol. 1-20
Location: BIOMED Reference oversize PE1625 .O98 1989 vol. 1-20
Check MNCAT Record for Location and Availability

Oxford Language Dictionaries Online Authentication Required
The Oxford Language Dictionaries Online site offers essential language resources never before available online: fully searchable, completely comprehensive bilingual dictionaries, and unique study materials that provide extra help with learning and using an expanding range of languages. Initially offering millions of words, phrases, and translations, in French, German, Spanish and Italian, the site will expand to include many other languages such as Russian, Chinese, Japanese and Polish.

Oxford Reference Online Authentication Required
This resource brings together 100 language and subject dictionaries and reference works - containing well over 60,000 pages - into a single cross-searchable resource.

Roget’s II: The New Thesaurus
The online version of Roget's II contains 35,000 synonyms and over 250,000 cross-references in an easy-to-use format. Features of the thesaurus include succinct word definitions and an innovative hyperlinked category index, which leads you to list of antonyms for the word you select.

WordSpy
Paul McFedries, president of Logophilia Ltd. (a technical writing company) compiles new words, old words used in new ways and more in his glossary. Each entry lists the meaning of the word, example citation, and an earliest citation (the first time it was used in the media). Includes a mailing list. Funny, yet informative.

YourDictionary.com
A compendium of language, specialty, multilingual, translation, and other dictionaries, YourDictionary.com provides links to more than 1800 dictionaries in 250 languages. You can also search thesauri, grammars, acronyms, synonyms and more using this language portal.

Page Coordinator: Kimberly Clarke clark078@tc.umn.edu
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